Monday, June 3, 2013

What is Education for Liberation and Who is Included?

 by Lucy S.

When I was an undergraduate at my huge public land-grant university, we would read about and discuss how people were marginalized in various ways; how education is both doled out differently and experienced differently based on class, ethnicity, gender, and other differences; that people of color and poorer people (of any ethnicity) are statistically imprisoned at higher rates for similar crimes than whites and/or the more affluent; how levels of literacy vary and what effect that has on someone’s whole life; how the cultures of the working-classes and poverty-classes are degraded and devalued; how oppression plays out for girls and women; the damages done and still being inflicted by colonization and imperialism; and how material realities are the foundation for so much of our potentials and choices. That is a long-winded list, and still, there was so much more connected to what I am now going to talk about. My point is that we were intellectually confronted with these issues, and what was strange for me was the feeling that we were always talking ‘about’ people who were in so many ways kept out of that institution.

During my first round there, when my niece Rose was still alive (I’ve written about her in other blog pieces here), I’d be talking with her on my cellphone while traveling to campus, because I often felt like that traveling time was the only time I had to get into phone conversations. I was swamped with school work and other responsibilities. So we’d be talking, and she’d talk, for example, about the mice running everywhere in her dad’s mobile home (because of holes in the subfloor or a door that wouldn’t shut all the say), how they’d run over her and Anthony (her baby) when they tried to sleep; or how she was trying to get beyond her meth addiction but friends in the mobile home park were knocking on the windows and doors saying they knew she was in there and to come out and party; or how proud she felt of finally getting a job but later how the wife in that Subway franchise owner-couple said the husband was talking to Rose too much and started taking her off the schedule. Then we’d hang up as I entered the building and made my way upstairs to my – by comparison – clean, serene, organized class. The contrast was usually jarring for me.  The combination of that contrast and our discussions of readings about people in situations similar to those of people I love or sometimes my own life (past or present – the many moves, the economic instability, the ways in which work so often thought of as ‘women’s work’ is devalued, being kept out of educational endeavors because of larger systemic issues) struck me as surreal and at times psychologically overwhelming. It deeply pained me in ways that I struggled to articulate.  

The question-combo that often came to mind, which I later voiced, was: “Why are they out there and we’re in here talking about them? Why aren’t they in here?”  Much more needed to be said to explain why this was problematic, but my mind felt thick the way a tongue can feel when we physically can’t form our words well. I knew these exclusions were wrong, but my mind felt too swollen with hurt and worry and hazy anger to methodically try to explain.

Sometimes I think that a major reason for continuing my education has been to build walls of words and theory and closely-read stories around those feelings so that I could explain to others how I felt and why these exclusions are so immoral and devastating to those who are kept out.  

After I returned, these were some of the early questions and ideas that formed. Why did academics and college students (or the political policymakers) get to come together and theorize about these other people?  Who were they to try to decide what to ‘do’ about the working-classes and poor? What would happen if this were turned upside down?  What if the working-classes, poverty-classes, and colonized came together with our readings to discuss what to ‘do’ about those humans damaged by having too much power and privilege? What theories would we explore and build upon as we confronted absences in empathy, intelligence, insight, ethics, self-discipline, and sanity in the ruling classes? What psychological and sociological knowledge bases would help us determine how to treat their personality disorders which resulted in spoiled, self-indulgent, greedy destructiveness?  What would we do about their impoverished value systems that were products of their class-interests – and thus of the system’s structure? Could they be educated out of their deep ignorance and their sense of entitlement to dominate others’ lives and exploit other people’s labor so egregiously?

I discovered others in academia who had long been working to turn the tables this way, to reframe the parameters of these analyses. The radical Brazilian educator Paulo Freire is one of the best known; he repeatedly contrasted education for domestication with education for liberation. It’s easy to toss these phrases around in sloganeering fashion, but it is much harder to grasp what they mean or to work out for ourselves what they mean as we try to live them. What we do know is that it surely consists of something very different than just turning the poor, working-classes, and colonized into the upper classes and world dominators. Doing this to individuals does not liberate them; it only changes their position in the systemic prison. It positions them more as dominators rather than dominated, and there is no liberation in those roles. And doing this collectively is impossible; there would be no serving class to exploit and rule. But the culture and value systems of the ruling classes are built on their distorted relationships with others – their normalized exploitations and dominations.

But still, this is too abstract. What IS education for liberation – collective liberation – the only kind of genuine liberation there can be?

The upper classes comfort themselves by clinging to the lie which insists that the poor, working-classes, and colonized did and do suffer mostly because of their own deficiencies. It’s not surprising that they tell themselves this to fend off a guilty awareness of themselves as the ‘bad guys’ wreaking havoc on most people’s lives and on our shared planet. What makes them successful and what hurts the rest of us so much is when we believe them. Believing them can and does manifest as shame about ourselves and those close to us, or a pseudo-defiance that can sometimes be self-destructive. Believing them can make us look down on each other and compete to be more like the ruling class (economically and culturally). My friend Kerry is hopeful that we can figure out how to get beyond our petty divisions. When I saw her recently, she reminded me of a basic truth: “There’s more of us than there are of them!!”   

I would like to hear more about what others think of when they think of liberation – and education for liberation. What does this mean to you?

This morning, I was reading Aurora Levins Morales’s blog (which is linked to on the side of my blog), and this struck me:

I am the descendant of Taíno people whose tropical ecosystem allowed them to put in minimal work and reap abundant crops of carbohydrates, who could spend a modest amount of hours fishing and gathering shellfish, and have plenty of time to develop sophisticated art forms and elaborate rituals.  Their culture honored artists and trees, created breathtaking carvings in wood and shell, invented hammocks knotted from the fiber of maguey, polished rings of stone, ceramic pots and figures elaborately worked with earthen dyes, and days long festivals of poetry and song.  

Europeans arrived and decimated the Taino people on the island of Hispaniola (now Haiti and the Dominican Republic). They enslaved the Tainos, forcing them to work. (Bartolome de las Casas, a priest in Hispaniola at the time of these atrocities, wrote extensively about the extreme violence inflicted on the indigenous people by the colonizers. http://www.lascasas.org/ )


Would education for liberation result in lives more like the Tainos lived when they were not violently enslaved by the colonizers? 

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